Can malaria parasite pathogenesis be prevented by treatment with tumor necrosis factor-alpha?

We consider a model incorporating the inuence of innate and adaptive immune responses on malaria pathogenesis. By calculating the model reproduction number for a special representation of cytokine interaction, we have shown that the cytokine tumour necrosis factorfican be administered to inhibit malaria infection. We have also found that if the cytokine F&z.ast; and a generic drug of effcacy are administered as dual therapy then clearance of the parasite can be achieved even for a generic drug of low effcacy. Our study is recommending administration of dual therapy as a strategy to prevent parasites from developing resistance to malaria treatment drugs.