TY - JOUR
T1 - Cobalt pyridyl complexes against drug-resistant bacteria
T2 - Synthesis, characterization, antibacterial properties, mode of action, and molecular docking studies
AU - Matshwele, James T.P.
AU - Odisitse, Sebusi
AU - Mazimba, Ofentse
AU - Demissie, Taye B.
AU - Koobotse, Moses O.
AU - Mapolelo, Daphne T.
AU - Bati, Keagile
AU - Julius, Lebogang G.
AU - Nkwe, David O.
AU - Jongman, Mosimanegape
AU - Nareetsile, Florence M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2024/4/1
Y1 - 2024/4/1
N2 - This study describes the synthesis and characterization of four cobalt complexes using diverse physicochemical techniques. Notably, the co-grinding method was predominantly employed, resulting in higher yields and increased purity of the products. Thermal studies provided insights into the stability of the cobalt complexes, with dichoro-bis-4-((4-nitrophenoxy)methyl)pyridine cobalt(II) (CoL4) demonstrating the highest stability based on transformations and high melting points. High resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESI-MS) analysis further confirmed the successful synthesis of the cobalt complexes, reinforcing the characterization results. The dichloro-bis(pyridin-4ylmethyl-4aminobenzoate) cobalt (II) (CoL3) exhibited a cis tetrahedral structure with a high-symmetry monoclinic crystal system and a primitive lattice centering of an I2/a space group. The cobalt complexes displayed enhanced activity against Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Klebsiella pneumoniae, with some exhibiting potent bacteriostatic effects against Multidrug resistant K. pneumoniae (MDR-K. pneumoniae). Additionally, dichoro-bis-(4-[(pyridin-4-yl)methoxy] aniline) cobalt(II) (CoL2) and CoL3 were found to disrupt the folate biosynthesis of K. pneumoniae and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), respectively. Moreover, 4-chloromethylpyridinium tetrachlorocobaltate (II) (Co4PY-H), dichloro-bis-4-picolyl cobalt (II) (Co4PY), CoL2, and CoL3 showed significant disruption of the cell membrane integrity of K. pneumoniae, with CoL3 also affecting MRSA's cell membrane. Lastly, molecular docking calculations provided compelling evidence supporting the experimental modes of action of these active complexes.
AB - This study describes the synthesis and characterization of four cobalt complexes using diverse physicochemical techniques. Notably, the co-grinding method was predominantly employed, resulting in higher yields and increased purity of the products. Thermal studies provided insights into the stability of the cobalt complexes, with dichoro-bis-4-((4-nitrophenoxy)methyl)pyridine cobalt(II) (CoL4) demonstrating the highest stability based on transformations and high melting points. High resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESI-MS) analysis further confirmed the successful synthesis of the cobalt complexes, reinforcing the characterization results. The dichloro-bis(pyridin-4ylmethyl-4aminobenzoate) cobalt (II) (CoL3) exhibited a cis tetrahedral structure with a high-symmetry monoclinic crystal system and a primitive lattice centering of an I2/a space group. The cobalt complexes displayed enhanced activity against Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Klebsiella pneumoniae, with some exhibiting potent bacteriostatic effects against Multidrug resistant K. pneumoniae (MDR-K. pneumoniae). Additionally, dichoro-bis-(4-[(pyridin-4-yl)methoxy] aniline) cobalt(II) (CoL2) and CoL3 were found to disrupt the folate biosynthesis of K. pneumoniae and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), respectively. Moreover, 4-chloromethylpyridinium tetrachlorocobaltate (II) (Co4PY-H), dichloro-bis-4-picolyl cobalt (II) (Co4PY), CoL2, and CoL3 showed significant disruption of the cell membrane integrity of K. pneumoniae, with CoL3 also affecting MRSA's cell membrane. Lastly, molecular docking calculations provided compelling evidence supporting the experimental modes of action of these active complexes.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85182277831&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85182277831&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ica.2024.121911
DO - 10.1016/j.ica.2024.121911
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85182277831
SN - 0020-1693
VL - 563
JO - Inorganica Chimica Acta
JF - Inorganica Chimica Acta
M1 - 121911
ER -