Enhancing Overvoltage Resistance in Electrical Feeders: A Case Study on CEPALCOs Pueblo de Oro Feeder 2 with Critical Node Optimization

Lightning strikes are prevalent on the overhead distribution lines of CEPALCO's Pueblo de Oro Feeder 2, often causing significant insulation damage and leading to partial or total system shutdowns. While lightning arresters are considered an effective solution to this problem, they require significant investment, making large-scale use across CEPALCO's extensive network economically unfeasible. In response to this challenge, this study explores a Critical Node Optimzation technique known as Direct Discharge Crossing (DDC). This method is used to efficiently place lightning arresters, ensuring adequate protection for the distribution system while minimizing cost. Simulations were conducted using EMTP-RV, a power system analysis software, to model the CEPALCO PDO F2 feeder. The results of the study demonstrate that installing lightning arresters at the most critical positions significantly reduces flashover incidents and decreases the D function for each pole, leading to enhanced system reliability and reduced maintenance costs. This approach offers optimal resource allocation and improved lightning performance of the distribution network.