TY - JOUR
T1 - Performance evaluation and failure analysis of conical picks used in a Botswana (Ngwato) mine
AU - Akintunde, I. B.
AU - Lindsay, E. E.
AU - Olakanmi, E. O.
AU - Prasad, R. V.S.
AU - Matshediso, B. I.
AU - Motimedi, T.
AU - Botes, A.
AU - Pityana, S. L.
N1 - Funding Information:
The paper is a research outcome of project funded by Education for Laser-based Manufacturing (ELbM) Scholarships (Agreement No 2019-1973/5 - Project No 614655), thus the authors wish to acknowledge European, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA) for the scholarships award. The authors as well acknowledge Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST) for the postgraduate research grant award (DVC/RDI/2/1/7 V (149); Code: S00390). Furthermore, the research grant (HLHA23X task ALC-R016) and technical support of African Laser Centre (ALC), South Africa, as well as the technical support of The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), South Africa are acknowledged. Besides, the authors acknowledge the mine for their contributions and support during field study and data collection.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2023/1
Y1 - 2023/1
N2 - A coal mine in the central district of Botswana is experiencing premature failure of conical picks which mine 150–350 tons of coal/ pick rather than 400 tons/pick specification. This has adverse implications on business productivity and profitability due to the need to replace the picks with new ones. This study employed physical observation of mining operation; macroscopic and microscopic examinations; weight loss analysis; micro-hardness, and fractography analyses of one hundred and ninety-three (193) worn-out and five (5) new picks to investigate root causes of its failure and failure mechanisms with a view to identifying mitigation measures to avoid recurrent failure. It was observed that the picks situated at the extreme right and left ends of the cutter drum failed most frequently. Common modes of failure discovered for Botswana coal mine picks include one-sided wear of the pick body, pull-out of pick's carbide tip, slimming steel body and even wear of carbide tip, and carbide tip deformation. Furthermore, cracking and crushing of tungsten carbide (WC) grains, cavity formation and pitting, coal intermixing, abrasion wear, long and deep cracks, rock channel formation, and corrosive degradation were identified as the failure mechanisms. Recommended mitigation measures to avoid repeated failures include the use of structurally stable materials at elevated temperature and characterised with improved hardness, toughness and wear resistance for pick manufacturing; exploring manufacturing technology that imparts improved bonding in the constituent materials without degrading material properties; redesigning of pick's flange; and inspection of pick's free rotation of the pick before starting any shift.
AB - A coal mine in the central district of Botswana is experiencing premature failure of conical picks which mine 150–350 tons of coal/ pick rather than 400 tons/pick specification. This has adverse implications on business productivity and profitability due to the need to replace the picks with new ones. This study employed physical observation of mining operation; macroscopic and microscopic examinations; weight loss analysis; micro-hardness, and fractography analyses of one hundred and ninety-three (193) worn-out and five (5) new picks to investigate root causes of its failure and failure mechanisms with a view to identifying mitigation measures to avoid recurrent failure. It was observed that the picks situated at the extreme right and left ends of the cutter drum failed most frequently. Common modes of failure discovered for Botswana coal mine picks include one-sided wear of the pick body, pull-out of pick's carbide tip, slimming steel body and even wear of carbide tip, and carbide tip deformation. Furthermore, cracking and crushing of tungsten carbide (WC) grains, cavity formation and pitting, coal intermixing, abrasion wear, long and deep cracks, rock channel formation, and corrosive degradation were identified as the failure mechanisms. Recommended mitigation measures to avoid repeated failures include the use of structurally stable materials at elevated temperature and characterised with improved hardness, toughness and wear resistance for pick manufacturing; exploring manufacturing technology that imparts improved bonding in the constituent materials without degrading material properties; redesigning of pick's flange; and inspection of pick's free rotation of the pick before starting any shift.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.106872
DO - 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.106872
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85140952477
SN - 1350-6307
VL - 143
JO - Engineering Failure Analysis
JF - Engineering Failure Analysis
IS - Part B
M1 - 106872
ER -